Melioidosis Alert in Madhya Pradesh: National Health Mission Issues Warning
Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh): The National Health Mission (NHM) has issued an alert in Madhya Pradesh regarding Melioidosis, a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, commonly found in soil and water. The risk of infection significantly increases during the rainy and humid seasons.
High Mortality Rate: 4 out of 10 Patients Die
Melioidosis has now become endemic in Madhya Pradesh. Alarmingly, 4 out of every 10 patients affected by this disease succumb to it. One of the challenges in treatment is that its symptoms often resemble those of tuberculosis (TB), leading to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment. This delay allows the infection to spread throughout the body, increasing the risk of severe complications.
What Do Doctors Say?
Doctors warn that Melioidosis can be life-threatening, especially for individuals with pre-existing conditions such as diabetes, kidney problems, or weakened immunity. A recent report from AIIMS Bhopal reveals that over the past six years, more than 130 cases have been reported across 20 districts in Madhya Pradesh.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has also included Melioidosis among the list of ‘emerging neglected diseases.’ After Southeast Asia and Australia, India—particularly the states of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha—is witnessing the emergence of new hotspots.
AIIMS Bhopal Issues Warning
Anyone experiencing a fever lasting more than 2-3 weeks, showing no improvement with anti-TB medications, or suffering from recurring abscesses should get tested for Melioidosis immediately.
Since 2023, AIIMS Bhopal has trained over 50 doctors and microbiologists to enhance detection and diagnosis of this disease. In recent months, hospitals in Bhopal, Sagar, and Indore have reported 14 new cases. Experts attribute the increase in reported cases to improved testing and faster identification.
Symptoms of Melioidosis
- Sudden high fever and blood infection (sepsis)
- Severe pneumonia (lung infection)
- Skin and soft tissue infections
- Abscesses in organs such as liver, spleen, prostate, or salivary glands
- Bone and joint infections
- Long-term symptoms that mimic TB, including weight loss, persistent cough, fever, and lung damage
How is Melioidosis Diagnosed?
Accurate testing is essential for diagnosis and includes:
- Testing samples of blood, pus, sputum, urine, or spinal fluid
- Culturing bacteria on special media
- Microscopic examination showing characteristic “safety-pin” staining
- PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) testing where available
Precautions and Prevention
- Wear boots and gloves when working in fields or handling soil and water
- Keep open wounds covered and away from soil and water sources
- Seek immediate medical attention if you notice suspicious symptoms
- Undergo timely antibiotic treatment and complete the prescribed course to ensure full recovery
Health experts emphasize that increasing public awareness and early detection are crucial steps to prevent loss of lives due to Melioidosis.